Multiple myeloma is a type of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow. It occurs when plasma cells, a type of white blood cell that helps fight infections, begin to grow uncontrollably. This uncontrolled growth leads to the production of abnormal proteins that can interfere with the normal functioning of the body. Multiple myeloma is a serious condition, but with advances in treatment, many people are able to manage the disease. What you should know about multiple myeloma is provided below.
Symptoms of Multiple Myeloma
Although each person’s symptoms of multiple myeloma are unique, common ones include weakness, bone discomfort, exhaustion, and recurrent infections. People with myeloma may also experience unexplained weight loss, nausea, and numbness or tingling in the hands or feet. Because these symptoms can be similar to other conditions, it’s important to see a doctor for a proper diagnosis if you experience them.
Causes and Risk Factors
While the exact cause of multiple myeloma is unknown, certain factors may increase the risk of developing it. Age is one of the biggest risk factors, as myeloma is most commonly diagnosed in people over 65. Other risk factors include family history, exposure to certain chemicals or radiation, and having a weakened immune system. Men and people of African descent are also at higher risk for developing multiple myeloma.
Diagnosis of Multiple Myeloma
Multiple myeloma is usually diagnosed by a combination of tests. These may include blood tests, urine tests, imaging tests like X-rays or MRIs, and a bone marrow biopsy. The results of these tests help doctors assess the extent of the disease and develop an appropriate treatment plan.
Treatment Options
Multiple myeloma has no known cure, although there are a number of treatments that can help control the condition. Common treatments include chemotherapy, stem cell transplants, and medications that target the cancerous cells. In some cases, radiation therapy may be used to shrink tumors or relieve pain. Treatment plans are tailored to each individual based on the stage and severity of the disease.
Living with Multiple Myeloma
Even though multiple myeloma is a serious condition, with the correct care, many patients can have happy, productive lives. Managing symptoms, following a healthy lifestyle, and staying in close contact with healthcare providers are key to maintaining a good quality of life. Support from family, friends, and cancer support groups can also make a big difference in coping with the challenges of living with multiple myeloma.
Multiple myeloma is a cancer that affects the bone marrow and blood, but with early detection and proper treatment, many people can manage the disease effectively. Understanding the symptoms, risk factors, and treatment options can help those affected by the disease make informed decisions about their health and care. If you or someone you know is experiencing symptoms, it’s important to consult a doctor for diagnosis and guidance.