Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic immune condition that affects the esophagus, the tube connecting the throat to the stomach. Understanding its early symptoms can help in getting a timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Below, we outline the key signs to watch for in both children and adults, explained in simple terms.
Difficulty Swallowing
One of the most common early symptoms of EoE is trouble swallowing, also called dysphagia. People with EoE often feel as though food gets stuck in their throat or moves down slowly. This discomfort can occur occasionally or become a regular issue, especially with solid foods like meat or bread.
Food Impaction
Food impaction happens when food becomes lodged in the esophagus, making it hard or impossible to swallow further. This is a medical emergency and a clear warning sign of EoE. If this happens, immediate medical attention is needed to remove the blockage.
Chest or Throat Pain
Some individuals with EoE experience chest or throat pain that can feel similar to heartburn. However, this pain doesn’t improve with antacids or other medications typically used to treat acid reflux, which makes it different from more common digestive issues.
Vomiting and Nausea
Vomiting is more common in children with EoE, though adults may also experience it. Persistent nausea or vomiting after eating may point to an irritated esophagus and should not be ignored.
Poor Appetite or Food Avoidance
Young children with EoE may avoid eating because it is uncomfortable or painful. They may eat very slowly, chew excessively, or refuse certain types of food. In adults, fear of experiencing pain or food impaction might lead to similar avoidance behaviors.
Persistent Cough or Throat Clearing
Some people with EoE develop a chronic cough or frequently clear their throat. This occurs because inflammation in the esophagus can irritate nearby tissues and mimic symptoms of allergies or a respiratory issue.
Weight Loss or Poor Growth
In children, untreated EoE can lead to poor growth and weight gain because eating becomes too challenging. Adults may also experience unintended weight loss due to reduced food intake.
Family or Personal History of Allergies
EoE is often linked to food allergies, seasonal allergies, asthma, or eczema. People with a personal or family history of these conditions are at a higher risk of developing EoE.
Recognizing these symptoms early and consulting with a doctor can help manage EoE effectively. With the right care, individuals can minimize symptoms and lead a comfortable life.